"Tangerine." Mandarin orange. A small orange citrus fruit with skin which can be easily removed and segments which can easily be taken apart. The mandarin and the tangerine are the same thing.
Tapioca. Cassava. Manioc. Yuca. Fleshy, starchy tubers with tough brown skin and crisp white flesh, originally from Brazil but now widely cultivated. There are two types, sweet and bitter. Avoid the bitter one. Throughout the Amazon basin there are 26 varieties, each thriving under different conditions. The process of making it into flour or tapioca removes the toxins.
A close relation of the northern pike, this is the Amur or blackspotted pike. The Amur valley is a remote place in Russia and China which has its own breed of leopards.
American signals. A species of freshwater crayfish which has slowly done to the indigenous crayfish of Great Britain what the grey squirrel did to the red. It is fast growing and resistant to disease. These are crustaceans which resemble small lobsters, with most of the sweet meat in the tail and with red claws almost as large as their bodies. Like lobsters, they are mottled blue-black until they are cooked, when they turn bright red. They breed in autumn (US: fall) and the best are those caught in summer. They seek out unpolluted lakes and streams. Their presence in a dish may be indicated by Nantua as part of the description. They are sometimes erroneously called crawfish.
Twaite shad or gizzard shad from a family of white, migratory fish. The shad is a bony, tasty, oily fish similar to herring, which travels up rivers in spring and is found in deep lakes. In France it is found in the Gironde where it is often grilled over vine shoots or stuffed with sorrel, and in the Loire, where it may be stuffed with beurre blanc. The roe is a great delicacy and shad is also used raw in sushi. Members of the family include Allis shad (Alosa alosa) and the smaller twaite shad or gizzard shad (Alosa fallax).
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