Dried , thickened whole milk. It is made by cooking the milk very slowly until the water evaporates off and it becomes pasty in consistency. It is used as the basis of many sweets.
Jaggery or gur. Palm sugar. Brown sugar processed from the date palm during winter. It is used extensively in Indian cooking and has a flavour reminiscent of Demerara sugar (US: light brown (granulated) sugar). Palm sugar is the better quality of the two.