Ash gourd, winter melon or wax gourd.
Water chestnut. The corm of a type of a water grass or sedge. They are used in Thai and Chinese cookery to add crunch and are also used to make desserts and drinks elsewhere in South East Asia. They are available fresh or tinned and can be used raw or cooked. They retain their shape well during cooking.
It is not clear whether Chinese white cabbage is bok choy or Chinese leaves and may probably refer to either. Bok choy is a variety of small Chinese leaves with thick, long, narrow, bright green leaves held loosely on crunchy white stalks. It can be eaten in salads when young. Alternatively it is Chinese cabbage, a large, very pale green head of a vegetable, resembling a dry Cos lettuce. These are used in stir fries, and sometimes pickled.